HOSA Dental Terminology Practice

Which condition is characterized by large reddish-blue areas commonly referred to as bruises?

1. Petechiae

2. Telangiectasia

3. Ecchymosis

4. Induration

The correct answer is: Ecchymosis

Ecchymosis is the correct choice as it specifically refers to the discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, characterized by large reddish-blue areas commonly known as bruises. This condition occurs when blood vessels break, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding tissue, leading to the visible change in color and size on the skin surface. In contrast, petechiae are small, pinpoint-sized red or purple spots on the skin that occur due to minor hemorrhages, so they are not large like ecchymosis. Telangiectasia presents as small, dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin, often appearing as fine red or blue lines, but they do not form the larger bruised areas typical of ecchymosis. Induration refers to the localized hardening of soft tissue, which is unrelated to bruising or skin discoloration. Thus, ecchymosis is the term that accurately describes the condition characterized by these large reddish-blue areas.